毛竹林伐桩处理方式对笋竹生长的影响

Effects of Different Treatment Methods on Bamboo Shoot Growth After Stump Treatment in Moso Bamboo Stands

于2015—2017年在福建省永安市上坪乡和洪田镇,对3～5 a的毛竹纯林采伐后的伐桩进行灌水、灌水+施肥、施肥等处理,以不灌水也不施肥处理为对照,研究不同处理对毛竹林出笋成竹数量、新竹产量等的影响。结果表明:3种伐桩处理能够在一定程度上提高其冬笋产量,有效降低春笋的退笋率,提高其新竹生长量,有利于毛竹林生产力的提高。其中:灌水+施肥、灌水、施肥处理的冬笋产量分别比对照高22.2%、3.9%、6.2%;退笋率分别为27.2%、24.8%、23.1%,均低于对照毛竹林的34.3%;平均春笋出笋数分别达到830、700、720个·hm^(-2),分别比对照高84.4%、55.6%、60.0%。此外,不同伐桩处理的春笋平均出笋数、平均成竹数和平均成竹率的差异达到极显著水平;不同伐桩处理的新竹生长量大小为灌水+施肥>施肥>灌水>对照。表明本研究中,对毛竹纯林采伐桩进行灌水+施肥处理的综合效果最好。

In this paper,with no irrigation or fertilization as the control,the authors have dealt with the irrigation,irrigation+fertilization,fertilization after the stump treatment in 3~5 a moso bamboo pure forest in Shangping township and Hongtian town of Yongan city Fujian Provinc from 2015 to 2017.And the effects of different treatments on the number of bamboo and the yield of new bamboo were studied.The results showed that the three kinds of stump treatment can increased the winter bamboo shoots yield to a certain extent,the degenerated shoots rate of bamboo shoots can be reduced effectively,and the growth of new bamboo can be improved,they are beneficial to the improvement of the productivity of moso bamboo forest.Among them the yield of winter bamboo shoots were 22.2%,3.9%and 6.2%higher than the control group by irrigation+fertilization,irrigation,fertilization after the stump treatment respectively.And the degenerated shoots rate of the three treatments were 27.2%,24.8%and 23.1%respectively,they are all lower than 34.3%of the control.The irrigation+fertilization treatment of bamboo shoots of bamboo shoot number reached an average of 830,700 and 720·hm^-2 respectively,the bamboo shoot number were 84.4%,55.6%and 60.0%higher than the control group respectively.In addition,the average bamboo shoots,average bamboo number and average bamboo rate of bamboo shoots were significantly different.The growth of new bamboo of different treatments were followed the order irrigation+fertilization>fertilization>irrigation>control group.The results showed that the treatment of irrigation+fertilization have achieved best effect in this study.