2018年隆昌市病原学阳性肺结核患者登记发病情况分析

Analysis of Registered Cases of Tuberculosis With Positive Etiology in Longchang City in 2018

目的通过分析隆昌市2018年病原学阳性肺结核的登记发病情况,为肺结核的防治提供参考依据。方法运用描述性和空间流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2018年共登记报告除单纯结核性胸膜炎外肺结核289例,病原学阳性肺结核142例,病原学阳性率49. 13%,痰涂片阳性占89. 44%。发病高峰时间在8月,年龄高峰在45～55岁年龄段;报告发病率最高为李市镇(42. 09/10万);男女性别比为5. 76∶1;职业分布以农民为主(81. 69%);初治耐药率为10. 92%,复治耐药率为21. 43%,总耐药率为11. 38%。结论隆昌市肺结核人群病原学阳性率以痰涂片阳性为主,传染性大,耐药率低于四川平均水平,防控应加强宣传,提高中老年男性自我防护意识,缩短确诊时间,推广使用固定剂量复合制剂,减少耐药。

Objective To analyze registered cases of tuberculosis with positive etiology in Longchang City in2018 so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis. Methods Data were analyzed by descriptive and spatial epidemiological methods. Results In 2018,289 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis other than simple tuberculous pleurisy were registered,including 142( 49. 13%) cases of tuberculosis with positive etiology. Sputum smear positive cases accounted for 89. 44 %. The peak of onset occurred in August,and the peak age was 45-55 years. The highest incidence rate was found in Lishi town( 42. 09/105). The male-to-female ratio was 5. 76. Peasants accounted for the majority( 81. 69%) of patients. The resistance rate to initial treatment was 10. 92%. The resistance rate to retreatment was 21. 43%. And the total resistance rate was 11. 38%. Conclusion Sputum smear positive cases account for the majority of cases of pulmonary tuberculosis with positive etiology in Longchang city. The infectivity is great,and the drug resistance rate is lower than the average level in Sichuan. In prevention and control,propaganda should be enhanced to improve the self-protection consciousness of middle-aged and aged people,shorten the diagnosis time,and promote the use of fixed-dose compound agents to reduce drug resistance.