集体决策视域下理性与规则的关系分析

On Relationship between Rationality and Rules in Group Decision-making

决策是对最优方案的选择,集体决策是由集体中的成员共同决策,旨在实现公平或集体成员的共同利益等集体性目标。作为成员的个体,由于个体理性的不同,对方案的偏好排序和最优方案的选择难归一处。我们认为应首先回答什么是理性,只有在厘清理性涵义的基础上,才能够讨论应如何制定集体决策规则以实现之,进而理顺个体理性、集体理性与集体决策规则三者之间的关系。

Decision-making is a process of choosing the optimal solution, group decision-making as a decision made by every group member should keep fairness and common value as its aims. The individual as a member, because of the difference of individual rationality, has different choices in preference order and the best plan. We should answer what is rationality, only after then can we discuss how to develop the collective decision rules to achieve it, and the relationship among individual rationality, group rationality and the collective decision rules.