释西北屯戍汉简中的“椄楪”——兼论“椎”的所指和作用

Interpretation of Jiedie(椄楪)in Bamboo Slips of Northwest China——Discussing the Meaning and Function of Zhui(椎)

"椄楪"是一个有关古代闭门装置的重要词语。西北屯戍汉简中又作"椄偞""、椄葉",传世文献又作"(片妾)牒""、椄槢",它们的本字应该是"接牒",指起接合作用的小木。古代门关有大门关、小门关之分,"接牒"为小门关,与大门关相对"。接牒"在传世典籍中又名"扂"",牒""、扂"同源相通"。椎"是插入门关或楗上圆孔中起固定作用的锥形木棍。

The jiedie(椄楪)is an important word for an ancient closed door device.Itzs also written as jiexie(椄偞)and jieye(椄葉)in bamboo slips of northwest, qiedie(■牒)and qiedie(椄槢)in literature handed on from ancient times. They were supposed to be written in the word of jiedie(椄楪),meaning a small piece of wood that acts as a link. In ancient times, door closure was divided into two types: big door closure and small door closure. The jiedie(椄楪)is a small door closure, different from big door closure. The another name of jiedie(椄楪)in literature handed on from ancient times is dian(扂).The tow words of die(牒)and dian(扂)come from the same etymology. The zhui(椎)is a cone stick inserted into the hole of the door or socket for fixation.