客家地名文化景观的空间分布特征及成因

Analysis on the spatial distribution and origin of Hakka place-name cultural landscape

针对当前客家文化中地名文化研究缺乏的现状,该文提出了从景观地名角度定量研究客家地名文化的方法,以赣南地区客家村落为研究对象,基于核密度估计法和移动搜寻法,结合地统计学方法,分析客家地名文化景观空间分布特征及其成因。研究发现,赣南地区自然景观地名集中于中北部平原和低谷地区,呈圈层向外衰减的空间分布趋势,与赣南地区自然环境特征相吻合;其中山貌类景观地名与海拔呈梯度负相关的耦合关系,水文景观类地名并"生长"于河流两侧。各文化景观类地名存在一定的空间分异,城镇建设、交通条件、生活方式和迁徙携来的中原传统文化等驱动因素都对赣南地区客家村落分布格局有重要影响,该方法能为客家文化的进一步研究提供参考。

In view of the place name culture in current Hakka culture lack of research. the method of quantitative studying Hakka place name culture from the perspective of landscape name was proposed,taking the Hakka village which was regarded as discrete poinls in Southern Jiangxi Province of China called Hakka cradle as study area, we used kernel density estimation,mobile search and geostatistical methods to ancilyze this area' s landscape spatial distribution characteristics and its origin from the perspective of landscape cultural place names. The results showed that the natural landscape place names in Southern Jiangxi Province of China focused on north central plains and valleys. they were the spatial distribution of circle outward sparse,which was consistent with the characteristics of natural environment in this area. Mountainous Inndscape names and altitude showed cascade negative agglomeration correlation. and hydrological landscape names were distributed on l)olh sides of the river network in study area;There were some spatial differences in various cultural landscape names. Driving factors such as urban construction,traffic conditions,mode of economic production and the traditional culture of the central plains brought by the migration in lhe historical background all had an important effect on the evolution of the Hakka village distribution pattern in study area, this method can provide reference for the further study of Hakka culture.