以囊性成分为主的甲状腺癌影像学特征分析

Analysis of the imageology characters of predominantly cystic thyroid carcinoma

目的探讨以囊性成分为主的甲状腺癌(predominantly cystic thyroid carcinoma,PCTC)的超声和CT影像学特征。方法回顾性分析中国医科大学附属第一医院普通外科2011年1月至2016年12月收治的30例以囊性成分为主且经病理证实的甲状腺癌超声图像,并观察其内实性成分的偏心结构、边缘不规则及血流丰富程度3项超声特征在所有PCTC中的分布情况;对其中9例PCTC的CT图像进行分析,并观察其内实性成分的边缘不规则、强化不均匀及乳头状结构3项CT特征在PCTC中的分布情况。结果30例PCTC的整体形态在超声图像中26例(86.7%)呈卵圆形、24例(80.0%)边缘光滑,其内实性成分26例(86.7%)呈偏心分布、20例(66.7%)血流丰富、19例(63.3%)边缘不规则,仅7例(23.3%)出现微钙化;且全部PCTC内实性成分均存在偏心结构、边缘不规则及血流丰富3项超声特征中的一项或一项以上。9例PCTC的实性成分在增强CT图像中7例(77.8%)边缘不规则、6例(66.7%)强化不均匀、6例(66.7%)具有乳头状结构,且均存在以上3项CT特征的一项或一项以上。结论当以囊性成分为主甲状腺结节内的实性成分在超声或增强CT图像中出现一些可疑恶性的影像学特征时,应警惕PCTC的可能。

Objective To explore the ultrasonographic and CT imaging features of predominantly cystic thyroid carcinoma(PCTC).Methods The retrospective analysis was performed on 30 cases of thyroid carcinoma with predominantly cystic composition confirmed by pathololy in the General Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from Jan.2011 to Dec.2016.The distribution of their solid portion’s ultrasound characters including the eccentric configuration,irregular margin and increased vascularity were observed in all PCTCs.The CT images of 9 cases were analyzed,and the distribution of their solid portion’s CT characters including irregular margin,uneven enhancement and papillary structure were observed in 9 PCTCs.Results In the ultrasound images of 30 PCTCs’whole shapes,26 cases(86.7%)showed oval and 24 cases(80.0%)showed smooth margin.26 cases(86.7%)showed eccentric configuration,20 cases(66.7%)showed rich blood flow and 19 cases(63.3%)showed irregular margin in the solid portion’s ultrasound image.Only 7 cases(23.3%)showed microcalcification.Every ultrasound image of 30 PCTCs showed at least one or more of the three ultrasound characters,including eccentric configuration,irregular margin and increased vascularity.In the solid portion of 9 PCTCs,7 cases(77.8%)showed irregular margin,6 cases(66.7%)showed uneven enhancement and 6 cases(66.7%)showed papillary structure in the CT image,and every one of them showed at least one or more of the above 3 CT characters.Conclusion When the solid portion of predominantly cystic thyroid nodule appears to have some suspicious malignant characters in the image of ultrasound or CT,we should be vigilant that the nodule may be malignant.