十四种灌木植物果实营养成分分析与评价

Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Nutritional Components of 14 Kinds of Fruits

以美国李、水栒子、西部沙樱等14种灌木果实为试材,测定了果实蛋白质、总糖、总酸等18种营养成分含量,并进行了主成分分析和聚类分析,以综合评价14种灌木果实的功能性开发价值。结果表明:鞑靼忍冬的可溶性固形物含量最高,牛奶子的蛋白质含量最高,大果蔷薇的维生素C含量最高,且均为富硒产品。主成分分析表明,将18个营养成分指标综合成4个主成分因子,可代表果实品质89.2%的原始数据信息量,并建立综合评价函数模型F=0.518Z1+0.224Z2+0.087Z3+0.063Z4,揭示了14种果实的品质差异,筛选出排名前5的品种是大果蔷薇、长白忍冬、鞑靼忍冬、牛奶子、蕤核。通过聚类分析将14个品种分为3类,其中主成分分析综合评价前5的品种聚为1类,主要是矿质元素和蛋白质含量高。通过主成分分析和聚类分析为果实功能性产品开发提供参考依据。

Comprehensive evaluation on nutritional components of shrub plant fruit provides a basis for determining the functional product development.The experimental materials were 14 kinds of shurb plant fruits such as Prunus americana,Cotoneaster multiflorus and Prunus besseyi ’Bailey’etc.18 kinds of nutrients such as protein,total sugar and total acid were detemined.The fruit quality was analyzed by principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results indicated that the maximum content of soluble solids was Lonicera tatarica,the highest content of protein was Elaeagnus umbellate,the highest content of vitamin C was Rosa albertii,and 14 frutex plant fruits were seleniumrich products.For principal component analysis,the 18 traits were consolidated into 4 principal components which accounted for 89.2% of total variation,reflected mostly the quality characteristics of shurbery fruit nutrient.It was established a comprehensive evaluation function model,F =0.518 Z1+0.224 Z2+0.087 Z3+0.063 Z4.It was concluded that the total score in the top 5 was Rosa albertii,Lonicera ruprechtiana,Lonicera tatarica,Elaeagnus umbellate,Prinsepia uniflora.Cluster analysis showed that 14 varieties of shurb plant fruit could be divided into 3 classes,in which the top five species of comprehensives evaluation were gathered into one category.They contain high mineral and protein content.To comprehensively evaluate the nutrition of fruit by principal component analysis and cluster analysis,it provided a basis for determining the development of shrub plant fruit functional products.