残疾人智能辅具技术的伦理反思

Ethical Reflections on Intelligent Assistive Device Technology

残疾人智能辅具技术是现代社会帮助残疾人回归正常生活的重要工具。残疾人智能辅具技术的发展呈现出安全保障全面化、人机交互学习化和技术产品模块化的趋势。残疾人智能辅具技术能够修复残疾人与自然的关系、重建残疾人与社会的关系、优化残疾人与自身的关系。在残疾人智能辅具技术的开发和应用中存在尊重伦理、身体伦理、公正伦理和责任伦理等方面的问题。解决这些伦理问题,需要在残疾人智能辅具研发中发展人性化技术、合理把握技术使用限度、建构公正技术体制和恰当评估技术责任分配等。

The intelligent assistive device technology is a kind of important instrument for persons with disability to return normal world in modern society.The development of the intelligent assistive device technology for persons with disability presents a trend of a comprehensive safety assurance,human-computer interaction learning and the modularization of technology products. The intelligent assistive device technology for persons with disability can repair the relationship between persons with disability and nature,rebuild the relationship between them and the society,and optimize the relationship between persons with disability and themselves. In the development and application of the technology,there are problems in respect of ethics,body ethics,justice ethics,responsibility ethics and so on. To solve these ethical issues,it is necessary to develop humanized technology,reasonably grasp the limits of technical utilization,construct a just technology system and assess the allocation of technical responsibilities properly during the development of the technology.