浅析传统家具中的壸门装饰

Analysis of the Decoration of Kunmen in Traditional Furniture

佛教传入中国后,对中国家具的发展产生了巨大影响。中国工匠受到须弥座的启发,将其结构、造型和装饰巧妙地运用到家具设计中,开创了束腰和箱形两种结构类型,把壸门装饰用到极致,使其贯穿整个家具发展史,成为传统家具的标志性装饰图案。因此,对我国传统家具中壸门装饰的发展历史、演变过程和文化价值进行深入研究具有重要意义。通过借鉴建筑类型学的分析方法,按照历史朝代的推进顺序,对传统绘画、文献、实物等资料中家具的壸门装饰进行研究分析并从中提炼壸门图案,旨在梳理其发展历史及演变过程。此外,本研究还从壸门装饰的图案、数量、载体及与结构等方面出发,探索其在传统家具装饰中历久弥新的原因,挖掘其文化价值。

Since the introduction of Buddhism into China,Buddhist furniture has greatly impact on the development of Chinese furniture.Inspired by Sumeru pedestal,its structure,shape and decoration were applied skillfully to the design of the waist and box-shaped structure by Chinese craftsmen. Thus,Kunmen was developed to its full potential and became one of the symbolic decorative pattern of traditional furniture which sustained throughout the history of furniture.There are of great significance to analyze the development,evolution and cultural value of Kunmen decoration.By referring to the method of analysis of architectural typology,the decoration of Kunmen on furniture in traditional paintings, literatures and physical materials were explored with an aim to clarify the development and evolution of Kunmen in a chronological order. Furthermore,this paper try to find the reason why it existed in furniture decoration and excavated its cultural value from the aspects of pattern,quantity,carrier,structure,etc.