康达维的《文选》翻译策略探讨

On David R.Knechtges’ Translation Strategies of Wenxuan

康达维(David R. Knechtges)是西方汉学界第一位系统地用英文对《文选》进行翻译的汉学家,他自己总结其翻译的方法是"‘绝对的准确’加上‘充分的注解’"。他在《文选》的翻译中重视文本准确解读与文化背景全面掌握,在具体翻译时则运用详尽的注释,力求达到精准可靠的翻译效果。本文将从探索赋中描写性复音词的翻译,重现不同体裁的不同风格,把握作者的著作、生平及思想,学习上古与中古的文字及音韵,掌握学科与文化的专业知识,学术研究对翻译的促进等六个方面,并以案例分析的形式,通过比较康达维与宇文所安在陆机《文赋》、康达维与许渊冲在班婕妤《怨歌行》英译方面的差异,从而揭示康达维的翻译策略与特色。

David R. Knechtges is the first Sinologist in the Western Sinology to systematically translate Wenxuan(Selections of refined literature) into English. He sums up his translation method as "absolute accuracy" in translation by adding "sufficient annotations." In the translation of Wenxuan, he pays great attention to the accurate interpretation of the text and the comprehensive understanding of the cultural background. In the specific translation, he uses detailed annotations to achieve accuracy and reliability for translation works. This article will discuss his translation from six sections, namely his method of translating descriptive binomes in fu, representation of various styles of different genres, mastery of individual authors’ works, their biographies and ideas, knowledge of the Chinese script and phonology in Old and Middle Chinese, expertise in scientific disciplines and the history of Chinese material culture, and promotion of translation as a form of scholarly research. In addition, a case study is conducted to compare Knechtges’ and Stephen Owen’s translation of Lu Ji’s "Wen fu"(Fu on literature) and Knechtges’ and Xu Yuanchong’s translation of Ban Jieyu’s "Yuan gexing"(Song of resentment) in English, thus, revealing the translation strategies and characteristics employed by David R. Knechtges.