生物修复石油污染土壤研究现状

Review on Bioremediation for the Petroleum Contaminated Soil

石油污染土壤的生物修复方法具有操作简便、费用低、对周围环境污染小、修复效率高等优点,应用前景广阔。从石油污染土壤生物修复过程中修复生物的选择、修复条件的优化、修复效果的评价等方面对近年来生物修复技术的研究进展进行了综述。为推动该方法的广泛应用,还应深入探究降解微生物之间的拮抗和协同机制、进一步降低修复成本、进一步完善修复评价标准,加强重石油污染土壤和特殊环境下石油污染土壤的治理研究,开展复合污染(如石油污染和重金属污染)土壤的修复研究。

The bioremediation for the petroleum contaminated soil has widely applying prospects with the advantages of simple operation,low cost,small pollution to surrounding environment and high efficiency.This review summarized the development of the bioremediation technology for the petroleum contaminated soil based on the selection for repairing creatures,the optimizing of influencing factors,the evaluation for repairing results in the bioremediation progress.In order to promote the application of bioremediation,the antagonism and the coordination mechanisms between microorganisms should be considered,the repairing cost should be reduced,and the repairing evaluation standard should be perfected.Further,we should strengthen deeply the remediation for the heavy petroleum contaminated soil and the petroleum contaminated soil under a special environment and the mixed contaminated soil,such as by oil pollution and heavy metal pollution.