摘要
设计了一套土壤淋滤模拟实验装置,并将其引入一个典型的环境化学实验中。在淋滤装置的上端加入一定浓度的重金属溶液,重金属在土柱中进行不同层位的迁移,从淋滤柱下端滤出,实现其在土壤中的迁移与转化。然后应用X射线衍射(XRD)光谱仪和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-OES)分别测定土柱中不同深度处土壤矿物组成和重金属元素含量,并结合重金属元素含量测试结果分析探讨重金属元素的纵向迁移转化规律。该实验可引导学生进一步理解环境化学中关于土壤的基本理论知识,了解重金属在土壤中的迁移转化机制及相关测试仪器的基本操作方法与原理,提高学生的综合实验操作技能,激发学生科学研究的潜在能力,培养学生的科研创新能力。
A soil-column leaching experiment device was designed and was introduced in an typical environment chemistry experiment. A constant concentration of heavy metals solution was added into the upper end of leaching experiment device, which migrated at different levels in soil column, leached from the bottom of leaching experiment device, achieved transfer-transformation in soil. Mineral composition and heavy metal concentration was measured at different levels in soil column by XRD and ICP-OES. According to the results of the heavy metal concentration in the soil column, the migration and transformation characters were discussed in this study. This experiment will enable students to further understand the basic knowledge of soil in environment chemistry and learn transfer-transformation of soil profile, which can help students master the basic operation skill of related instruments. It improves students' comprehensive experimental skills and stimulates most of the studentsJ learning capacity of scientific research, and develops students' innovative ability of scientific research.
作者
王冠
方爱冬
任非凡
马丽娟
陈裕颖
WANG Guan;FANG Ai-Dong;REN Fei-Fan;MA Li-Juan;CHEN Yu-Ying(School of Environinciil and Architecture. University of Shanghai for Science and Fcchnology. Shanghai 200093, China;Department of Geotechnical Engineering,Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China)
出处
《化学教育（中英文）》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第6期61-65,共5页
Chinese Journal of Chemical Education
基金
国家自然科学基金(41874077)
上海市教委本科重点课程建设项目
上海理工大学优质在线课程建设项目
精细化教学研讨与培训项目
上海理工大学2016年度教师教学发展研究一般项目(CFTD17047Y)
关键词
环境化学
土壤
淋滤
迁移转化
environment chemistry
soil
leaching
transfer-transformation
