基于最优滤波算法的配电网PMU及其性能测试

Distribution Level PMU Equipped With Optimal Filtering Algorithm and Its Performance Evaluation

应用于配电网的同步相量测量单元(phasor measurementunit,PMU),面临更恶劣的测量环境和更高测量精度双重压力,已有的PMU装置未能满足配电网测量高精度和快速响应要求。为实现配电网测量目标,PMU研制的核心是与配电网环境相适应的高性能测量算法。应用PMU最优滤波原理设计出针对配电网的PMU测量算法,并基于NI Compact-RIO 9036平台搭建了PMU功能样机,由现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array,FPGA)实现该测量算法。为检验测量算法实际性能,根据配电网测量要求,在样机平台上由FPGA生成测试信号源,形成配电网PMU性能自评估系统。通过对样机系统在静态、动态、暂态、强谐波和噪声条件下测试结果进行分析,验证了该测量方案的高精度和快速响应能力,证明了其优异的实际测量性能,展示了其重要的应用价值。

Compared with regular phasor measurement units(PMUs) in transmission lines, the PMUs employed in distribution level of power grids suffer from much more noise and harmonics, but are required to provide higher accuracy measurements. To achieve the measurement goal, the key issue for the PMUs is to be equipped with an advanced measurement algorithm most suitable for distribution network environment. In this paper, an optimal filter based PMU measurement algorithm is developed for measurement in distribution level. Based on NI Compact-RIO 9036 platform, a laboratory prototype PMU is built with the developed PMU algorithm adopted and implemented with field programmable gate array(FPGA). In order to evaluate the actual performance of the measurement algorithm, a PMU performance self-evaluation system with a built-in testing signal generator is constructed. By analyzing the experimental results under static, dynamic, transient, strong harmonic and noisy conditions, the optimal filter based measurement algorithm equipped in the prototype PMU is proved of both high accuracy and fast response, and therefore most valuable for practical application for future PMUs in distribution level.