综合口腔运动干预对早产儿喂养表现及临床结局的影响

The effect of Integrated Oral Motor Interventions on clinical outcomes in premature infants

目的探讨综合口腔运动干预对早产儿喂养表现及临床结局的影响。方法选取2016年12月—2017年8月在某三级甲等医院产科出生并入住NICU的早产儿为研究对象,采用随机分组方法,将早产儿随机分为综合口腔运动干预组、口腔运动干预组、对照组。综合口腔运动干预组接受3 min口腔刺激、2 min非营养性吸吮和2 min口腔支持;口腔运动干预组接受12 min口腔刺激和3 min非营养性吸吮;对照组接受常规发育支持护理。观察记录并比较3组早产儿喂养表现、喂养不耐受、高胆红素血症、坏死性小肠结肠炎的发生情况。结果综合口腔运动干预组早产儿开始经口喂养后第1、2、3、4天的喂养效率和喂养成效均高于对照组(P<0.05);3组早产儿喂养不耐受、高胆红素血症及坏死性小肠结肠炎发生率的比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论综合口腔运动干预可以改善早产儿的喂养表现,且不增加早产儿相关并发症的发生。

Objective To explored the effect of Integrated Oral Motor Interventions on feeding performance and clinical outcomes in premature infants.Methods Premature infants born in a tertiary hospital from December 2016 to August 2017 and admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) were selected as participants. Premature infants were randomly divided into the control group,Oral Motor Interventions group(OMIs group) and Integrated Oral Motor Interventions group(IOMIs group) by a randomized grouping method. IOMIs group received 3-min oral stimulate,2-min non-nutritive sucking,and 2-min oral support. OMIs group received 12-min oral stimulate and 3-min non-nutritive sucking. the control group received routine developmental support care. Feeding performance,feeding intolerance,hyperbilirubinemia(HB),necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC) of premature infants in three groups were compared.Results The feeding efficiency and feeding effectiveness on Day 1,2,3,and 4 in IOMIs group were better than those in other two groups(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in incidence of feeding intolerance,HB and NEC among three groups(P>0.05).Conclusion IOMIs can improve feeding performance without increasing incidence of related complications.