土壤水分测量方法适用性综述

Review of Applicability of Soil Moisture Measurement Techniques

土壤水分是研究土体工程学、农学、地质学、生态学、生物学和水文学等特性的重要参数。不论实验室测量还是现场测量,目前土壤水分的测量方法对不同特性的土壤和不同类型水分含量的适用性仍存在争议。本文对目前已经存在的和新兴的土壤水分观测方法及其优缺点进行归纳,综合评述这些测量方法存在的局限性和特性参数对土壤水分测量的影响。同时,着眼于我国气象部门采用频域反射法原理研制的DZN1、DZN2和DZN3三个型号设备,自2009年开展全国土壤水分自动化观测业务以来,设备运行稳定,测量精度和数据质量基本满足业务与服务需求。最后,本文结合我国观测业务现状,分别为业务建设和精确测量土壤水分提出了参考建议。

Soil moisture plays an important role in studying engineering,agronomic,geological,ecological,biological and hydrological characteristics of the soil mass.Currently,the applicability of soil moisture measurement techniques to the soils of entirely different characteristics and types of moisture content is still a point of debate,no matter where the measurement conducts,either in laboratory or in situ conditions.The advantages and disadvantages of the established and emerging soil moisture measurement techniques are discussed.The limitations and the influences of various soil-specific parameters on the measured soil moisture content are reviewed.Meanwhile,in the meteorological department of China,based on the technique of Frequency Domain Reflectometry,three models,including DZN1,DZN2 and DZN3,are developed.From the beginning of 2009,in the automatic meteorological observation operation of soil moisture in China,the devices performed stablely,and the measurement accuracy and data quality can meet the needs of operation and service.With respect to automatic observation operation in China,this paper provides some reference proposals for operational construction and accurate measurement.