士兵的创伤后应激症状对其妻子创伤后成长的影响:一个多重中介模型的检验

The relation between veterans' posttraumatic stress disorder and their wives' posttraumatic growth: Testing of a multiple mediating model

目的考察退伍士兵的创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)、自我表露和亲密能力,以及退伍士兵妻子创伤后成长(PTG)的PTSD与其妻子之间的关系。方法选取1973年以色列斋月战争后的以色列退伍士兵287名及其妻子166名,采用问卷法对其自我表露、亲密能力、PTSD和PTG进行调查,探讨退伍士兵PTSD、自我表露和亲密能力与其妻子PTSD和PTG之间的关系,检验退伍士兵PTSD对其妻子PTG影响的多重中介效应。结果退伍士兵的PTSD可以直接促进其妻子的PTG。在纳入退伍士兵的自我表露和亲密能力及其妻子的PTSD后,退伍士兵的PTSD对其妻子PTG的直接预测作用不再显著,但退伍士兵的PTSD可以通过其妻子的PTSD来间接地促进其妻子的PTG,也可通过其自身表露及其自身亲密能力的多重中介作用来间接地促进其妻子的PTG。结论士兵的PTSD可以通过其自身亲密能力、自我表露和PTSD对其妻子的PTG发挥作用。

Objective To examine the multiple mediating roles of veterans’ disclosure and intimacy as well as their wives’ posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) in the relation between veterans’ PTSD and wives’ posttraumatic growth(PTG). Methods Self-report questionnaires were used to investigate 287 Israel veterans who fought in the 1973 Yom Kippur War, and 166 wives of these veterans. A structure equation model analyzed the multiple mediating effects. Results Veterans’ PTSD had a significant and positive effect on their wives’ PTG before inclusion of the mediators. However, after inserting the mediators(i.e., veterans’ disclosure and intimacy and wives’ PTSD) the direct effect of veterans’ PTSD on their wives’ PTG became non-significant. In addition,veterans’ PTSD had a 1-step indirect effect on their wives’ PTG through wives’ PTSD, and veterans’ PTSD also had a 2-step indirect effect on their wives’ PTSD through the path from veterans’ disclosure to veterans’ intimacy. Conclusion The results indicated that veterans’ disclosure and intimacy as well as their wives’ PTSD mediate the relation between veterans’ PTSD and their wives’ PTG.