TAEST16001:TCR亲和力增强型特异性T细胞免疫治疗

TAEST16001: TCR Affinity Enhanced Specific-T-cell Therapy

人体的免疫系统,相比于二十年前,通过近几十年的研究积累已经被比较清晰地诠释。特别是其在肿瘤的发生发展中的作用已引起前所未有的重视。人们发现利用免疫系统的相关分子可以非常有效地控制癌症,甚至可以完全治愈癌症。在一开始,这种现象仅是比较零星地在专业圈子里流传,但自从癌症的免疫治疗于2013年被Science杂志评为年度十大科技突破之首后,免疫治疗的成果便不断刷屏普通人的信息网络。这一现象的高潮表现在2018年诺奖评委再也按耐不住原本谨慎的态度,终于将医学与生理学奖颁发给了两位免疫学家,以表彰他们分别发现两个重要的免疫调控分子PD-1和CTLA-4的作用。因为靶向这两个分子的抗体在肿瘤的免疫治疗中表现出可预测的效果。更进一步的肯定是将同年的诺贝尔化学奖的一半授予了产生抗体的噬菌体展示技术的发明者。因此免疫治疗成为肿瘤治疗的重要手段,被列为继手术、放疗、化疗之后的第四种模式,就变成不争的事实了。肿瘤免疫治疗可以通过单一分子药物来实现,也可以通过含有成千上万分子的免疫细胞来完成。而后者则是借助细胞工程技术,修饰相关的免疫细胞,在体外扩增后回输给相应的患者,以增强和激发机体的抗肿瘤免疫能力,并最终达到清除体内肿瘤细胞的目的。对T细胞免疫治疗的相关原理及目前应用发展情况进行了简单的介绍,并且对香雪集团旗下控股子公司广东香雪精准医疗技术有限公司的第一款临床研究阶段产品TAEST16001的特性及相关伴随诊断试剂盒的研发进行了简单的描述。

The illustration of human immune system has been substantially clearer than 20 years ago with the credit of a vast amount of comprehensive studies for decades. In particular,its role in tumor development has attracted unprecedented attention. It has been found that the molecules of the immune system can be utilized very effectively to control cancer development and even cure cancer completely. At the early days,this phenomenon was only sporadically spread in professional circles,but since cancer immunotherapy became the winner of Science’s top ten breakthroughs of the year in 2013,publics have been constantly refreshed by the results of immunotherapy. The climax of this phenomenon is reflected in the 2018 Nobel Prize judges who were unable to hold on their usual cautious and awarded the Medical and Physiology Award to two immunologists in recognition of their discovery of the regulatory mechanism of two important immune molecules,PD-1 and CTLA-4,since antibodies targeting these two molecules show predictable effects in tumor immunotherapy. A further affirmation is that half of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry of the same year was awarded to the inventors of phage-display technology for generation of antibodies. Therefore,immunotherapy has become an important approach of cancer treatment,and it has become an indisputable fact that it is listed as the fourth treatment mode after surgery,radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Tumor immunotherapy can be achieved by biologics or by immune cells. The latter is to modify and expand the relevant immune cells by cell engineering technology,and then infuse the cells to the corresponding patients to enhance the patient’s anti-tumor immunity,and ultimately achieve the purpose of eliminating tumor cells. In this paper,the concepts of T-cell immunotherapy and the current development of its application are briefly described. In addition,the first clinic stage product TAEST16001 and the companion diagnostic kits of Guangdong Xiangxue Life Sciences Ltd.,a subsidiary of Xiangxue Group,has been briefly presented.