基于非结构蛋白1(NS1)的黄病毒感染诊断研究进展

Progress in Non-structural Protein 1 (NS1) Based Diagnosis of Flaviviruses Infection

蚊虫传播的黄病毒造成的传染病是人类健康的重要威胁,有效的早期精确诊断对预防与控制黄病毒感染并及时有效开展病患救治至关重要。然而由于黄病毒在血液中核酸可检测窗口短,核酸检测手段难以发挥优势,必须要通过血清学的诊断与病毒分离予以佐证,而血清学检测也要面对黄病毒之间存在的交叉反应问题。本文介绍了基于黄病毒非结构蛋白1(NS1)建立的检测手段。NS1蛋白在病人血清中含量很高是良好早期诊断靶标,基于NS1蛋白的黄病毒血清学诊断的检测窗口较长、灵敏度高、特异性强,具有独特的优势。尤其是2016年寨卡病毒暴发以来基于NS1的检测技术在灵敏度与特异性上得到快速与多元的发展,为黄病毒的精确检测带开启了新的局面。

Mosquito-borne flaviviruses provide some of the most important examples of emerging and resurging diseases of global significance. The early diagnosis of flaviviruses infection is important for successful clinical management and epidemiological control. Multiple RT-PCR-based assays for the detection of flaviviruses are limited to the narrow window when viral RNA is detectable in body fluids. Therefore,host immune reponsebased assays play an important role. Unfortunately,flaviviruses diagnosis are challenging due to the cross-reactive nature of antibodies among flaviviruses. The non-structural protein 1( NS1) of flavivirus,a highly conserved and secreted glycoprotein,is abundant in the serum of flavivirus-infected patients and represents a useful early diagnostic marker. After ZIKV emerged as a global health threat,causing a pandemic in the Americas at 2016,lots of research groups focus on the NS1 based diagnosis. The improvements either from strategy or technology,which would significantly improve the differential diagnosis among flaviviruses infections.