死刑犯申诉权保障研究——从董伟、邱兴华、贾敬龙三案切入

Research on the Protection of the Death Row Inmates' Right to Petition——Take the Cases of Dong Wei,Qiu Xing-hua,and Jia Jing-long as the Entry Point

在"少杀、慎杀"的死刑政策指引下,我国死刑案件的一审、二审和复核程序均取得了重大进步。相比之下,以保障死刑犯申诉权为核心的死刑案件再审程序和执行程序却进展不大。司法实践表明,我国对死刑犯申诉权的程序保障存在重大缺陷,致使一些事实仍然存在疑点或者事实虽无疑义但在是否适用死刑上依然存在争议的案件以执行死刑收场,在一定程度上影响了死刑适用的公正性。为此,需要借鉴域外做法,从完善死刑再审程序、改革死刑执行主体和构建死刑赦免制度等方面,充分保障死刑犯的申诉权。

Great progress has been witnessed in the procedure of first trial, second trial and review of death sentence cases in China thanks to the principle of prudent application of death penalty. Meanwhile, little progress has been made on the procedure of retrial and execution of death penalty cases centered on the protection of the right to petition. Judicial practices show that there are the cases ended with death penalty with suspicious facts or the application to death penalty is controversial due to China's deficient procedure on guaranteeing the death row inmates' right to petition. To a certain extent, it affects the fairness of the application of death penalty. Therefore, it's necessary to fully guarantee the death row inmates' right to petition including improving the procedure of retrial, reforming the subject of execution, and constructing the pardon system of death penalty by drawing lessons from practices overseas.