破除“五唯” 以多元治理的理念深化高考改革

Breaking the “Five-only” and Deepening the Reform of the National College Entrance Examination with the Concept of Multiple Governance

破除"五唯",对深化高考改革提出了新的政治要求,也为深化高考改革提供了新的政治机会。"唯一"的反对词是"众多",任何一种教育评价方式都不能包打天下,多元评价才能对学生的心理建构进行整体刻画。而"众多"的核心是治理,只有加强教育公共治理,才能促进各相关主体步入治理的场域,形成更多的"重叠共识",不断深化高考改革。专业性与程序性,是高考改革的难点,也是"重叠共识"的基础。高校自主招生是高考改革的关键,在改革的复杂关系中处于支配地位。

The demand of breaking the “Five-Only” has put forward new political requirements while provided new political opportunities for deepening the reform of the National College Entrance Examination. The objection of the word “only” is “multiple”. No single method can fit all kinds of educational evaluation. Multiple evaluation is required to fully describe the holistic psychological construction of students. The core of “multiple” is governance. Only by strengthening the public governance of education can we promote various stakeholders to enter the field of governance, form more “overlapping consensus”, and continuously deepen the reform of the National College Entrance Examination. The professionality and procedural legitimacy are the difficulties of the reform of the National College Entrance Examination, but also the basis of the “overlapping consensus”. University’s independent enrollment of students is the key to the reform and in a dominant position of the complex relationship in the reform.