作物病虫害遥感监测和预测预警研究进展

Research Progress in Monitoring and Forecasting of Crop Diseases and Pests by Remote Sensing

危害严重的病虫害胁迫常在我国作物主产区发生,植保部门的田间调查、实地取样等测报方式已经无法满足目前精准、无损、高效的监测预警需求。能够实时动态监测的遥感技术手段为快速获取地表连续信息提供了可能,也是未来作物病虫害遥感监测预测的主要发展方向。通过总结、归纳和整理目前作物病虫害遥感应用中不同病虫害胁迫类型区分、单一胁迫程度估算和作物胁迫预测预警的三大主要方向的研究现状,阐述了现有研究中使用的特征提取方法、特征选择方法,以及胁迫类型区分、程度估算和预测预警的模型算法,并通过国内检索平台对三大粮食作物病虫害的遥感研究应用情况进行了统计分析。在此基础上探讨作物病虫害遥感监测和预测预警现存的问题和未来的发展趋势,推动农业可持续性的长效体制的构建。

Crop diseases and pests are the first natural biological hazards that threaten food production and quality.The investigation and sampling in field of plant protection department can’t meet demand of the accurate,non-destructive and efficient monitoring and warning.Currently,remote sensing which can monitor dynamically in real time provides the possibility for the rapid acquisition of continuous surface information,and is also the main development direction monitoring and prediction of crop diseases and pests in the future.Research status of three main directions,including classification of different stresses,severity estimation and stress forecasting,are summarized,and the methods of feature extraction,feature selection,and algorithms are expounded.Then,the application of diseases and pests of three major foodsby remote sensing was analyzed by means of domestic retrieval platforms.On this basis,the existing problems and future development trend of monitoring and forecasting of crop diseases and pests by remote sensing are discussed to promotethe long-term mechanism of agricultural sustainable development.