牛心朴子生境及其饲用成分分析

Analysis on habitat and feed composition of Cynanchum KomaroviiAl. Iljinski

以毛乌素沙地耐旱草本植物牛心朴子为研究对象,调查其生境概况,爬取该区域的气象数据,并采用国标规定的饲料常规成分分析方法,对其常规饲用营养成分进行了测定分析。结果表明:样方区的天气多以晴、阴为主,但降雨、降雪较少;生境土壤有机质含量不足0.6%,其它养分含量更低。植被组成类型以菊科、豆科、禾本科、萝藦科为主,且分布较为均衡。牛心朴子多度与频度很低,但单株重量较大。牛心朴子根、茎叶、种子中均检出17种氨基酸,在根、茎叶、种子中Pro、Glu、和Asp含量都较高。此外,根中的Lys和Va比较高,茎叶中的Leu和Lys比较高,种子中的Leu和Arg含量比较高。种子中的总氨基酸质量分数比根与茎叶器官高30%～40%。牛心朴子茎叶中铁的含量达13.1 mg/100 g,常见元素含量由高到低依次为铁>钙>镁>锌>钾>铜。粗纤维含量为33.1%,粗蛋白含量为12.77%,粗脂肪3.16%。含量由高到低依次为粗纤维>无氮浸出物>粗蛋白>水分>粗灰分>粗脂肪>磷。牛心朴子全株含有丰富的氨基酸和高含量的铁以及粗纤维、粗蛋白、粗脂肪。试验结果可为如何用作饲草开发及利用提供一定的科学依据。

In this paper, taking Cynanchum KomaroviiAl. Iljinski in south margin of Maowusu Desert sandy land as the research object, the habitat plant population types were investigated, crawling weather data for the area and the feeding nutrient components were determined and analyzed by using the feed routine component analysis method stipulated by the national standard. The results showed that the weather in the sample area was mostly sunny and cloudy, but the rainfall and snowfall were less. The soil organic matter content in Cynanchum KomaroviiAl. Iljinski habitat was less than 0.6%, and other nutrient contents were lower. Compositae, Leguminosae and Gramineae were the dominant species in the habitats, and the distribution was relatively balanced. The Cynanchum KomaroviiAl. Iljinski abundance and frequency were very low, but the weight per plant was large. There were 17 kinds of amino acid in the roots, stems and leaves, seeds of the Cynanchum KomaroviiAl. Iljinski. The contents of Pro, Glu and Asp in root, stem and seed were higher. In addition, contents of Lys and Vai were also higher in roots, contents of Leu and Lys were higher in stems and leaves, and contents of Leu and Arg contents were higher in seeds. The total amino acid in the seed is 30% to 40% higher than the other organs. The content of iron in the stem and leaf is 13.1 mg/l00 g, the contents of common elements from high to low. Crude fiber content is 33.1%, crude protein content is 12.77%, ether extract content is 3.16%. Content from high to low order of the sequence is crude fiber > no nitrogen leaching > crude protein > moisture crude ash > crude fat > P. Whole Cynanchum KomaroviiAl. Iljinski strains has high content of iron, crude fiber, crude protein, ether extract, and it riches in amino acid composition.