论环境法法典化的方法论自觉

On the Methodological Consciousness in the Codification of Environmental Law

环境法法典化的基本目标是建构一个符合形式法治要求的规范体系。环境法规范的体系化要求环境法学者在方法论上回归法教义学,通过解释和体系化进行规范的整合。为了避免价值与事实的分离带来的规范体系的固化和僵硬,环境法规范体系化过程中仍然需要进行价值判断。为避免对规范体系造成负面影响,价值判断必须规范化。价值判断包含价值识别和价值选择两个环节。价值识别的规范化需要确保价值来源的类型化,可以进入环境法规范体系的价值包括环境法规范原则中的基本价值、宪法及部门法规范体系中的基本价值以及法律政策中的基本价值。价值选择的规范化需要遵守特定的价值选择规则,即"价值选择应该符合部门法规范体系或者法规范体系的基本价值导向"以及"价值选择可以作出与部门法规范体系乃至整体法秩序不一致的价值选择,但是必须负担论证责任"。

The basic goal of codification of environmental law is to construct a normative system that meets the requirements of formal rule of law, rather than providing effective solutions to practical problems.The systematization of environmental law norms requires environmental law scholars to return to legal dogmatics in methodology, and to integrate norms through legal interpretation and systematization.In order to avoid the solidification and rigidity of the normative system brought about by the separation of “value” and “fact”, value judgment is still needed in the process of systematization of environmental law.Value judgments must be standardized to avoid negative impact on the regulatory system.Value judgment involves two aspects: value identification and value selection.The standardization of value identification needs to ensure the type of value source.The value that can enter the environmental law norm system includes the basic value in the environmental law normative principle, the basic value in the constitutional system of the constitution and the departmental law, and the basic value in the legal policy.The standardization of value selection needs to abide by specific value selection rules, that is,“value selection should conform to the basic value orientation of the departmental law norm system or the legal norm system” and “value selection can make inconsistency with the departmental law norm system and even the overall law order, but must take the responsibility of the argument.”