摘要
L imitation of action is the legal effect of time. The limitation of action system reveals the effects of time on the rights that are not exercised. The limitation of action period is a period in which the legal facts have constituted, and it is the time artificially designed based on the choice of legislative policy. Anti ?morality is an inherent irremovable attribute of the limitation of action system. The legitimacy of the limitation of action system is a product of transcending the anti-morality. Unlike other civil legal systems, the limitation of action system is established to ensure the law maintains the new order of fait accompli by eliminating or restricting the rights of right holders. This new order is created by legal imagination. It is doomed to be eliminated due to the gap between the new order and the real life order. After the expiration of the limitation of action period, where the parties do not invoke the limitation of action system and willingly pay or agree to perform the obligations or return the property, the limitation of action system usually does not involve the interests of the third party. Then the new order gives way to the old one and the latter prevails.The limitation of action system undoubtedly plays an important role in the theories of the Civil Law concerning time. It is generally believed that limitation of action is the legal effect of time on rights.
时效是时间的法律效力。时效制度揭示的是时间对不行使权利的影响。时效期间属于法律事实构成的期间,是基于立法政策的选择而被人为设计的时间。"反道德性"是时效制度固有的属性,无法去除。时效制度正当性的获得是超越了反道德性的结果。与其他民事法律制度不同,时效制度通过消灭或限制权利人权利的方式实现法律对既成事实的新秩序的维护。这种新秩序是一种法律想象的拟制,与真实的生活秩序之间的张力注定了它有被推翻的可能。在时效期间届满后,当事人没有援用时效且自愿或者同意履行债务或者返还财产的情况下,时效制度通常不涉及第三人的利益,新秩序让位于旧秩序,旧秩序胜出。
