日本皇位继承制度的传统与突破

The Tradition and Breakthrough of Japanese Imperial Succession System

日本皇室延续千年,在皇位继承方面形成了依据男系血统继承等历史传统。明治时代颁布的《皇室典范》进一步以法律形式将皇位继承传统制度化,并沿袭到战后。《皇室典范》从明治时期的制定到战后的修订过程中,关于皇位继承的讨论一直没有中断。特别是近年来皇位继承面临诸多困境,讨论更是日趋激烈。以明仁天皇生前退位为契机,日本政府不得不探讨能否突破皇位继承制度的传统以维系皇位继承的可能。

The Japanese imperial family has continued for thousands of years and established the historical tradition of inheriting the throne according to male lineage.The Imperial Model,stipulated in Meiji era and still in effect after the WWII,has further institutionalized the tradition of imperial succession in legal form.Disputes over Japanese imperial succession system have never ceased from its establishment in the Meiji era to its revision after the WWII,in particular in recent years when the imperial succession is faced with many difficulties,In the context of Emperor Akihito’s abdication,the Japanese government attempts to explore the possibility of revising the tradition in order to maintain the imperial succession system.