民族的记忆 祖先的崇拜——蒙古族历史民歌《召请帖木儿歌》考

National Memory and Ancestor Worship A Study of the Mongolian Historical Folk Song The Songs of Invitation Timur

法国遣使会士古伯察(Régis-Evariste Huc,1813—1860)在《鞑靼西藏旅行记》一书中详尽而真实地记述了清朝热河、蒙古各旗、甘肃、宁夏、青海、西康地区民风习俗、历史文化、宗教信仰、生活方式、自然条件等。尤其对蒙古族说唱文学演唱习俗、说唱艺人的民谣记忆、表演方式及历史民歌《召请帖木儿歌》作了田野记述。《召请帖木儿歌》讴歌了蒙古族历史上万世瞩目的帖木儿帝王(1336—1405),唤醒了蒙古族对蒙古帝国的记忆和民族自豪感。《鞑靼西藏旅行记》一书,对蒙古族说唱文学演唱习俗、蒙古族历史民歌、蒙古族英雄崇拜文化的研究具有极其珍贵的文献价值和学术价值。

The French ambassador, Régis-Evariste Huc’s book,Travel Notes of Tatar Tibet, described in detail and truthfully the folk customs, history and culture, religious beliefs, lifestyle and natural conditions of Rehe, Mongolian flags, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai and Xikang areas in the Qing Dynasty.In particular, He made a field description on Mongolian rap literary singers, rap artists’ folk songs, performance methods and historical folk songs The Songs of Invitation Timur.The Songs are praised the Emperor Timur(1336-1405), which has been crowned by the Mongolian people, and awakened the Mongolian memory and national pride to the Mongol Empire.The book,Travel Notes of Tatar Tibet has extremely valuable literature value and academic value for Mongolian rap and literary singing customs, Mongolian historical folk songs, and Mongolian hero worship culture.