表达性艺术治疗对精神分裂症住院患者自我意识的影响

Effect of expressive arts therapy on self-consciousness of inpatients with schizophrenia

目的探讨表达性艺术治疗对精神分裂症住院患者自我意识的干预效果。方法 2015年4—12月,选择上海市闵行区精神卫生中心120例慢性精神分裂症住院患者随机分为观察组和对照组各60例,对照组给予药物治疗,观察组在此基础上结合表达性艺术治疗,采用自我意识量表评价两组患者在入组时、治疗7周末及14周末的得分情况。结果组内分析显示,在自我意识评分上,观察组治疗7周末评分显著高于入组时(P<0.01),治疗14周末评分显著高于治疗7周末(P<0.01);对照组治疗7周末评分显著低于入组时(P<0.01)。在私我意识评分上,观察组治疗14周末评分显著高于治疗7周末(P<0.01);对照组治疗7周末评分显著低于入组时(P<0.01)。在公我意识评分上,观察组治疗7周末评分显著高于入组时(P<0.01),治疗14周末评分显著高于治疗7周末(P<0.01)。治疗14周后,两组患者的自我意识总分及各维度得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论表达性艺术治疗能够改善慢性精神分裂症住院患者的自我意识状态,提升其私我意识及公我意识,促进患者康复。

Objective To investigate the effect of expressive arts therapy on self-consciousness of the inpatients with schizophrenia. Methods A total of 120 patients with chronic schizophrenia were chosen from Minhang District Mental Health Center, Shanghai during April and December 2015. They were randomly divided into the study group and control group, with 60 cases in each group. The control group was given drug therapy, and the study group was given additional expressive arts therapy. The Self-Consciousness Scale (SCS) was used at baseline, 7-week and 14-week after therapy. Results In terms of self-consciousness score, it was higher at 7-week post-therapy than at baseline (P<0.01), and higher at 14-week post-therapy than at 7-week post-therapy (P<0.01) in the study group. In the control group the score was lower at 7-week post-therapy than at baseline (P<0.01). In terms of private self-consciousness score, it was higher at 14-week post-therapy than at 7-week post-therapy (P<0.01) in the study group, and was lower at 7-week post-therapy than at baseline in the control (P<0.01). In terms of public self-consciousness score, it was higher at 7-week post-therapy than at baseline (P<0.01), and higher at 14-week post-therapy than at 7-week post-therapy (P<0.01) in the study group. There were significant differences in the scores of Self-Consciousness Scale and its subscales between the two groups (P<0.01). Conclusion Expressive arts therapy can improve the self-consciousness status in the inpatients with chronic schizophrenia, enhance their private self-consciousness and public self-consciousness, and promote rehabilitation.