干旱胁迫对三种草本植物生理生化特性的影响

Effects of drought stress on physiological and biochemical characteristics of three herbaceous plants

以播娘蒿(Descurainia sophia)、荠菜(Capsella bursa-pastoris (Linn.) Medic.)和小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)为供试植物,通过水培试验研究在干旱胁迫下3种植物的相对电导率、游离脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白质、丙二醛含量以及过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性的变化规律。结果表明,干旱胁迫下,播娘蒿、荠菜和小麦的相对电导率、丙二醛、游离脯氨酸含量均呈持续递增趋势,3种植物相对电导率大小排序为小麦、荠菜、播娘蒿。干旱胁迫下,3种植物体内可溶性蛋白质指标与过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶及丙二醛均呈先升后降的趋势。播娘蒿、荠菜体内游离脯氨酸累积量与相对电导率间呈极显著、显著正相关,均具有良好的线性回归关系。3种植物对干旱胁迫均具有一定的耐性和抗性,且播娘蒿和荠菜的抗旱性强于小麦。

Using sophia(Descurainia sophia),shepherd′s purse(Capsella bursa-pastoris(Linn.)Medic)and wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)as experimental plant,through the hydroponic experiments,the contents of relative conductivity,free proline,soluble protein,peroxidase(POD),superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA)in sophia,shepherd′s purse,Wheat under drought dress were studied.The results showed as follow:under drought stress,the relative conductivity,malondialdehyde and free proline of sophia,shepherd′s purse and wheat showed a continuous increasing trend.The relative conductivity of the three plants were wheat>shepherd′s purse>sophia.Under drought stress,the indexes of soluble protein,peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the three plants showed a trend of rising first and then decreasing.There was a significant positive correlation between free proline accumulation and relative conductivity in sophia and shepherd′s purse.There was a good linear relationship between the two indicators.The results showed that all the three plants had certain tolerance and resistance to drought stress,and the drought resistance of sophia and shepherd′s purse was stronger than that of wheat.