保水剂负载腐植酸的制备及其对镉的吸附性能研究

The Preparation of Superabsorbents Supporting Humic Acid and Study of its Solidification of Cadmium

在酸性条件下,普通的保水剂(酰胺/聚丙烯丙烯酸钠)不能有效地固定土壤中的重金属镉。研究通过水热法制备出4种新型复合材料腐植酸保水剂(1%FA-PP、2%FA-PP、3%FA-PP、4%FA-PP),与普通保水剂相比,新型复合材料表面有明显的突起与碎片,形成了明显的网状结构,具有更好的抗酸性及吸附镉效果。试验表明,3%FA-PP保水剂对重金属镉的吸附效果较优,pH值为5时达最佳去除效率84%。通过拟合可知,3%FA-PP保水剂最大吸附容量为4 656.25 mg/g,高于保水剂(PP)的1 893.09 mg/g。

Under acidic conditions,the common water-retaining agent(amide/sodium polyacrylate)cannot effectively fix the heavy metal cadmium in the soil.In this study,four new composite humic acid aquasorbs(1%FA-PP,2%FA-PP,3%FA-PP and 4%FA-PP)were prepared by hydrothermal method.Compared with ordinary materials,the new composite material prepared has obvious protrusions and fragments on the surface,forming a clear network structure,and higher adsorption capactity in low pH environment.The 3%FA-PP has the best adsorption efficiency for cadmium than that of others,with a removal efficiency of 71%at pH 4 and an optimal removal efficiency of 84%at pH 5.The maximum adsorption capacity of the 3%FA-PP is as high as 4 656.25 mg/g,which is higher than 1893.09 mg/g of the PP water retention agent.