抗汞细菌及其生物修复机制的研究现状

Research Status of Anti-mercury Bacteria and Bioremediation Mechanism

重金属汞(Hg)是一种可持久性生物累积的有毒金属,其特有的理化性质给环境和人体带来了巨大危害。总结了汞污染的来源、循环和危害,以及已分离得到的典型抗汞菌株的抗汞特性、汞污染的生物修复机制和抗汞相关基因,包括利用merA基因降解无机Hg、利用merA、merB基因降解有机Hg、与含硫基团结合、产生胞外分泌物(EPS)吸附Hg等。简述了Hg0的最终消除方法,并对汞污染的生物修复机制进行了展望。

The heavy metal,Mercury which was formerly called hydrargyros(Hg),is a persistent bio-accumulative toxic metal with particular physiochemical properties of public health concern that has been exposed to the environment and human body.The source,circulation and harm of mercury pollution are summarized,as well as the typical mercury resistant strains have been isolated from mercury resistant characteristics and mechanism of mercury pollution of bioremediation and mercury related resistance genes,including using the degradation of inorganic Hg merA genes,using merA,organically genetic degradation organic Hg,and containing sulfonium combination,produce extracellular secretions(EPS)adsorption Hg,etc.The final elimination method of Hg0 was described,and the bioremediation mechanism of mercury pollution was prospected.