家属参与式全程化健康管理对急性心肌梗死患者PCI术后健康行为能力的影响

Effect of family participate health management intervention on health behavior ability of patients with acute myocardial infarction after PCI

目的探讨家属参与式全程化健康管理对急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)术后健康行为能力的影响。方法选择2016年10月-2017年12月在天津医科大学第二医院院行PCI的心肌梗死患者86例,随机分为干预组和对照组,各43例。对照组对患者进行常规健康教育和管理,干预组在对照组的基础上细化健康指导,同时对患者家属进行健康教育和健康管理。主要为疾病基础知识介绍,保持健康的生活方式、适当控制饮食、适量运动等。干预时间为1年,采用健康行为能力量表(SRAHP)比较两组患者在出院时、出院后3个月、6个月、12个月健康行为能力的变化情况,并比较分析其不良反应发生的情况。结果出院3个月、6个月、12个月,干预组患者健康行为能力水平高于对照组,且不良反应(并发症、再发心绞痛、再发AMI)的发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论家属参与式健康管理能够改善急性心肌梗死PCI术后患者的健康行为能力,提高患者的生活质量,同时降低并发症的发生和疾病的复发情况。

Objective To study the effect of whole course health management on the health behavior ability of patients with acute myocardial infarction after PCI. Methods From October 2016 to December 2017, 86 patients with PCI myocardial infarction in a class three grade a hospital in Tianjin were randomly divided into intervention group and control group, 43 cases in each group. The patients in the control group only received health education and management, while the intervention group received health education and health management on the basis of the control group. The health education contents of the two groups were consistent, mainly for the introduction of basic knowledge of diseases, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, proper diet control and proper exercise. The intervention time was 1 years, and the health behavior ability scale(SRAHP) was used to compare the changes of the two groups of patients at discharge and 3 months, 6 months and 12 months after discharge, and to compare and analyze the occurrence of the complications. Results The level of health behavior in the 3 months, 6 months and 12 months of the intervention group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05), and the adverse reactions(complications, angina pectoris and re-onset AMI) in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion The participatory health management of family members can improve the health behavior ability of patients with acute myocardial infarction after PCI, improve the quality of life, reduce the occurrence of complications and the recurrence of the disease.