北部引嫩扩建工程防治土壤盐碱措施

北部引嫩工程位于黑龙江省松嫩平原,哈大齐东北振兴工业基地的中心地带,七十年初为解决石化工业、灌溉、病改用水的需要,便无坝兴建了引嫩江水的工程,但起到的作用并不明显,在枯水年甚至引不进嫩江水。随着嫩江干流尼尔基水库与北引渠首拦江闸于21世纪初建成,为北部引嫩工程扩建创造了很好的环境条件,扩建工程全部完工后,产油区地下水下降漏斗得以恢复地下水位,农田草原灌溉可达460余万亩。由于本区本来就是苏打盐碱化土壤分布集中的地区,随着大量水的引入,防治土壤盐碱化措施必须采取对策,根据国内外的经验,都将能否防治土壤盐碱化作为引水工程成败的关键。

The northern diversion project is located in the Songnen Plain of Heilongjiang Province and in the center of revitaliz-ing the industrial base in the northeast of Hadaqi. In order to meet the needs of the petrochemical industry, irrigation, and disease switching to water in the early 1970s, the Nenjiang Water diversion Project was built without a dam. But the effect is not obvious, in the dry year can not even draw into the Nenjiang water. With the completion of the Nierji Reservoir on the main stream of the Nenjiang River and the sluice at the head of the northern diversion canal at the beginning of the 21st century, very good environ-mental conditions have been created for the expansion of the northern diversion project. After the expansion project has been com-pleted, the groundwater drop funnel in the oil-producing area can restore the groundwater level. Farmland grassland irrigation can reach more than 4.6 million mu. Because this area is originally the area where soda salinization soil is concentrated, with the intro-duction of a large amount of water, the measures to prevent and control soil salinization must take countermeasures, according to the experience at home and abroad. Whether the soil salinization can be prevented or not is the key to the success or failure of the water diversion project.