优化理论在螺旋桨水动力设计中的应用

Application of Optimization Theory in Propeller Hydrodynamic Design

论文结合优化算法和升力线设计计算程序,以理想效率最优为目标,对螺旋桨径向环量分布进行优化计算。其中,待求的径向环量分布用正弦级数进行参数化表达。在算例中,开展了正弦级数参数选取个数对优化结果影响的数值试验,并与传统的变分法计算得到的最佳环量进行比较。当选取4个参数进行优化时,用论文的方法优化得到的环量分布和传统变分法计算得到的最佳环量分布基本一致。为了对论文的优化方法的有效性进行验证,在拖曳水池开展了螺旋桨敞水性能对比试验。数值计算和模型试验结果表明,论文建议的优化方法是可行和有效的,优化效果与传统变分法相当甚至更佳。

In this paper, by combining the optimization algorithm with the lifting line design program, radial circulation distribution of the propeller is optimized with maximal ideal efficiency as the objective. Radial circulation distribution is expressed by sinusoidal series, and numerical experiments are carried out to study the effect of numbers of parameters in the sinusoidal series on the optimization results. The optimal circulation is compared with that calculated with the traditional variational method. When four parameters are selected for optimization, the optimal circulation distribution calculated with the present method is basically the same as that calculated by traditional variational method. In order to verify the effectiveness of the optimization method proposed in this paper, comparative tests of propellers are carried out in open water in the towing tank. Results of both calculation and model test show that the optimization method in this paper is feasible and effective, and the optimization effect is comparable to or even better than that of traditional variational method.