重症医学科护士职业压力和心理资本及睡眠质量的关系

The relationship between occupational stress and psychological capital and sleep quality of nurses in ICU

目的调查分析重症医学科(ICU)护士的职业压力、心理资本与睡眠质量的关系。方法选取泸州市4所医院ICU护士120名,采用护士工作压力源量表(NJSQ-R)、心理资本问卷与匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)进行调查,分析三者之间的相关性。结果 69名(57.50%)存在睡眠障碍,除催眠药物外,PSQI量表总分及各维度评分均较全国常模明显升高(P<0.05)。NJSQ-R和心理资本量表的平均分均处于中等水平。NJSQ-R总分及各维度评分均与PSQI总分呈明显正相关,心理资本量表总分及各维度评分与PSQI总分呈明显负相关(P<0.05)。Logistic回归显示,职称、排班制度、NJSQ-R中工作环境与性质、职业发展及总分、心理资本各个维度及总分是影响PSQI的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论 ICU护士普遍存在中度职业压力与心理资本,且普遍有睡眠质量下降现象,三者相互影响、相互作用。

Objective To investigate and analyze the relationship between occupational stress,psychological capital and sleep quality of nurses in intensive care unit(ICU).Methods 120 ICU nurses from 4 hospitals in Luzhou were selected,and the nurses’work stress source scale(njsq-r),psychological capital questionnaire and Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale(PSQI)were used to investigate and analyze the correlation between the three.Results 69 of them(57.50%)had sleep disorder.Except hypnotic drugs,the total score of PSQI scale and the scores of all dimensions were significantly higher than the national norm(P<0.05).The average scores of njsq-r and psychological capital scale were in the medium level.The total score of njsq-r and all dimensions were positively correlated with the total score of PSQI,while the total score of psychological capital scale and all dimensions were negatively correlated with the total score of PSQI(P<0.05).Logistic regression showed that professional title,scheduling system,working environment and nature in njsq-r,career development and total score,psychological capital dimensions and total score were the main influencing factors of PSQI(P<0.05).Conclusions ICU nurses generally have moderate occupational stress and psychological capital,and generally have the phenomenon of decreased sleep quality,which affect and interact with each other.