鱼腥草根及地上部分乙醇提取物抑菌活性和化学成分的分析

Analysis of Antibacterial Activity and Chemical Constituents of Ethanol Extracts from Houttuynia cordata Roots and Aerial Part

【目的】考察鱼腥草(Houttuynia cordata)根和地上部分乙醇提取物的抑菌效果和其中化学成分的差异。【方法】通过乙醇回流萃取制备鱼腥草根和地上部分的乙醇提取物,采用涂布平板法和96孔板法测定两者抑菌活性,并结合气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对两种乙醇提取物的成分进行检测分析。【结果】鱼腥草根乙醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subitilis)、青霉菌(Penicillium notatum)、黑曲霉菌(Aspergillus niger)和酿酒酵母菌(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)的最低抑菌浓度分别为0.068,0.250,0.125,0.125,0.004和0.250g·mL^(-1);地上部分乙醇提取物对上述实验菌的最低抑菌浓度分别为0.068,0.034,0.068,0.125,0.001和0.125g·mL^(-1)。GC-MS分析结果显示,地上部分乙醇提取物主要含有具有抑菌活性的成分亚麻酸、棕榈酸、5-甲基-2,4-(1H,3H)-嘧啶二酮、磷酸三乙酯、2,4-二叔丁基苯酚和叶绿醇;而根乙醇提取物中仅发现抑菌成分亚麻酸和棕榈酸。【结论】鱼腥草地上部分乙醇提取物的抑菌效果优于根乙醇提取物,且抑菌成分的种类数及含量也高于后者。

[Purposes]To explore the antimicrobial activity and chemical components of the root and aerial part ethanol extracts from H.cordata.[Methods]The ethanol extracts of root and aerial part from H.cordata were prepared with heat reflux extraction by ethanol solvent.The antimicrobial activity was then determined by the plate coated method and 96-well plate method.Meanwhile the chemical components of ethanol extracts were detected by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)technology.[Findings]The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)of root extract against Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Bacillus subitilis.Penicilliutn not at uni,Aspergillus niger,and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were 0.068,0.250,0.125,0.125,0.004.and 0.250g·mL^-1,respectively.The MIC of aerial part extract against the test bacteria were 0.068,0.034,0.068,0.125.0.001,and 0.1 25 g·mL^-1,respectively.The results obtained by GC-MS revealed lhat the root and aerial part extracts consisted of various components with antimicrobial activity,in cluding 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid,(Z,Z,Z)-and n-hexadecanoic acid,thymine,trielhyl phosphate,2.4-di-lerl-buly]phenol.and phytol.However,only two antibacterial constituenls,9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid,(Z.Z,Z)-and n-hexadecanoic acid.were found in the root extract.[Conclusions]The antimicrobial activity of aerial part extract was stronger than root extract.moreover,the types and con tents of antibacterial constituents were obviously increased in lhe aerial part extract than root extract.