焦芳学行平议

The Objective Research of Knowledge and Morality of Jiao Fang

焦芳作为《明史·阉党传》第一人,史论一直对他保持着比较一致的负面评价。其奸臣身份已被定型,除了被后世作为历史反面典型进行批判之外,很少受到较为客观深入的研究。特别是针对焦芳的两个重要负面评价,即"不学无术"和"压制南人",有必要重新进行审视与研究。另外,笔者还从一幅创作于明孝宗弘治十六年(公元1503年)的《甲申十同年图》中获得相关有效信息,并试以图文互证的方式,对历史上焦芳的真实学行进行考辨。

Jiao Fang was the first person who had been written in The history of the Ming Dynasty,the Eunuch Party,he maintained a consistent negative evaluation in many historical records.The traitor identity has been finalized,however,besides being criticized as the opposite of the later generations,received little research objectively and deeply.Especially for the two important negative evaluation of Unlearned and crowding the southern colleagues,it is necessary to survey and research.In addition,the author also refers to The Picture of Ten People Who had Passed the Imperial Examination in the Same Year of 1464,which protracted in 1503,and tried to take the way of combining the text and picture to research the real knowledge and morality of Jiao Fang.