民国赋学批评新史学观念影响论

Influence of New History Concepts on Fu Criticism in Republic of China (1912-1949)

进入民国,因辞赋创作所依托的旧学体系被冲击,以及清代考校律赋的科举制度乃至整个封建制度的结束,赋体彻底失去了现实创作的需求,而成为历史性的文学标本。因此民国时期对赋体的研究,既是文学的研究,也必然地含有历史研究的要义。而民国时期也是中国社会整体从漫长而封闭的封建状态向现代社会的转变阶段,无论是文学研究还是历史研究也都经历了从传统到现代的嬗变,治学思维与研究方式都发生了根本性的变化。本文试从历史研究层面去探讨民国赋学与古典赋学在方法论上的区别。

In Republic of China (1912-1949),the old learning system which Fu creation relied on was shocked and the imperial examination system in which Fu knowledge would be examined and even the feudal system were entirely ended,Fu creation hence lost its need and became a historical literary specimen.Consequently,the Fu study in that period was both a literary study and a historical study.Because the period was the transition period of China from a long and closed feudalism society to a modern society,both the literary study and historical study underwent a process form a traditional one to a modern one,the thought and way of doing scholarly research also changed fundamentally.Under such a background,the idea and method of Fu study in that period is different from those of ancient classical Fu study.In this paper,the methodological difference of Fu study in Republic of China (1912-1949) from that of classical Fu study is discussed in a perspective of history.