建国70年我国对外贸易发展的演变与思考

Evolution and Thought on the Foreign Trade Development of China on the 70th Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China

建国70年,我国对外贸易经历了起初的摸索阶段、20世纪八九十年代的迅速扩张阶段、加入WTO以后成长为世界贸易大国阶段、进入新时代的发展阶段。从对外贸易商品结构和对外贸易发展方式的角度来看,建国70年我国对外贸易发生了巨大变化,取得了巨大的成就。但同时也存在着出口导向导致效率低顺差大、高新技术出口产品结构极不平衡、世界工厂自主创新能力不强、对外贸易区域发展不平衡以及货物贸易与服务贸易发展不平衡等问题。应进一步加快转变对外贸易结构、加快转变对外贸易发展模式、加快转变政府职能,实现新时期对外贸易更高质量的发展。

Since the founding of the New China in 1949,the foreign trade of China has undergone development of the initial exploring stage,rapid expansion stages in 1980-1990s,evolving to be world trade power after joining in WTO and entering the era.From the foreign trade commodity structure and foreign trade development mode,the foreign trade of China has had huge changes and made great accomplishment since 1949.However,there also are some problems of larger surplus and low efficiency caused by export orientation,severe imbalance in high-tech export product structure,weak self-innovative capacity as world factory,prominent unbalanced regional development of foreign trade and imbalanced cargo trade and service trade development.We should further accelerate to transform the foreign trade structure,foreign trade development mode,government function and accomplish higher quality development of foreign trade in the new era.