2种风险评估方法在2-丁氧基乙醇职业健康风险评估中的应用

Application of two risk assessment methods in occupational health risk of 2-butoxyethonal

目的比较2种风险评价方法对2-丁氧基乙醇(2-BE)的职业健康风险评估结果。方法以天津市某自行车制造企业、深圳市某印刷企业、北京市某汽车制造企业为研究对象,对3家企业进行现场职业卫生调查,检测工作场所2-BE水平。并采用新加坡半定量风险评价法和职业危害风险评估指数法分别对2-BE进行职业健康风险评估,并对2种风险评价方法的风险分级结果进行对比分析。结果新加坡半定量风险评估法评估结果显示,某自行车制造企业的贴花车间、某印刷企业的装订和平印车间、某汽车制造企业的面漆、中涂漆以及电泳车间的2-BE风险比值均为0.4,风险等级均为低风险。职业危害风险评估指数法评估结果显示,某自行车制造企业的贴花岗位、某印刷企业的装订和平印岗位、某汽车制造企业的面漆、中涂漆以及电泳岗位风险比值分别为0.4、0.4、0.2,风险等级分别为低风险、低风险和可忽略风险。2种评估方法对某自行车制造企业的贴花岗位以及某印刷企业的装订、平印岗位的评估结果保持一致;对某汽车制造业的喷漆车间的关键岗位的风险评估结果不一致。结论职业危害风险评估指数法综合考虑了健康效应、接触情况和作业条件,能够更加全面、准确地评估2-BE引发的职业健康风险。

Objective To compare the results of occupational health risk of 2-butoxyethanol(2-BE) by two risk assessment methods. Methods Occupational health investigation and detecting 2-BE level in workplace were carried out in a bicycle manufacturing factory in Tianjin City, a printing factory in Shenzhen City and an automobile manufacturing factory in Beijing City. The occupational health risk of 2-BE was assessed by Singapore’s semi-quantitative risk assessment model and occupational hazards risk assessment index method. The risk classification results of the 2 risk assessment methods were compared and analyzed. Results The results of Singapore’s semi-quantitative risk assessment method showed that all the 2-BE risk ratios of the decals workshop in the bicycle manufacturing factory, the binding and printing workshops of the printing factory, the spray finishing and the intermediate painting and the electrophoresis workshops of the automobile manufacturing factory were 0.4. The classification of 2-BE risk ratios belongs to low risk level. The results of occupational hazards risk assessment index method showed that the risk ratios of decals workshop in the bicycle manufacturing factory, the binding and printing of the printing factory, the spray finishing and the intermediate painting and the electrophoresis of the automobile manufacturing factory were 0.4, 0.4 and 0.2, respectively, which correspondence to low, low and negligible risk classification, respectively. The two methods were consistent with the appraisal positions of decals post in the bicycle manufacturing factory and the evaluation of binding and printing positions of a printing factory, although the risk assessment results of key positions in the paint shop of an automobile manufacturing industry were inconsistent. Conclusion The occupational hazard risk assessment index method takes into account of the health effects, exposure conditions and operating conditions, and can comprehensively and accurately assess the occupational health risks caused by 2-BE.