评芒福德人文主义技术观

Commentson the Relationship between “Human” and Technology ——Thinking based on the View of Moundford’s humanistic technology

芒福德是20世纪美国著名的人文主义技术哲学家。芒福德反对把"制造和使用工具"这一特点作为人类的本质特征,而认为人类是一种能够创造自己大脑、自我操控乃至自我设计的动物。在芒福德看来,技术发展的每一阶段都蕴含了人性智慧的光芒,正是人类大脑智力的不断开发,才推动了人类文明的不断演化发展。芒福德批判了工业革命之后的人类社会是人类被机器和技术控制而沦为"巨机器"的奴隶的社会。同时,芒福德预测在未来社会中,技术的发展将会和人类的需求融合得更加紧密,人们将会把注意力从机器和技术的无限发展转移到人类精神生活的丰富和文化的创造上来。

Mumford is a great humanistic philosopher of technology in the 20 th century, he opposed the idea that the features of "tool-making and using" were human nature, and think of humankind as an animal that can create its own brain, self-control and even self-design. Mumford believes that every stage of technological development contains the wisdom ray of human nature. It is exactly the continuous development of human brain intelligence that has promoted the continuous evolution of human civilization. Mumford criticized the fact that mankind was controlled by machine and technology as slaves of "Megamachines" after the Industrial Revolution. This phenomenon has continued even today. Mumford forecasted that the development of technology will be more closely integrated with human needs in the future society. People will shift their attention from the infinite development of machinery and technology to the enrichment of human spiritual life and the creation of culture.