关于中国古代人口年寿问题的几点商榷

Discussion on the question of the age of the ancient Chinese population

目前历史学界关于中国古代人口年寿问题的研究,主要有以下几个特点:第一,用平均死亡年龄代替平均预期寿命(平均寿命)来作为某一时期人口的寿命指标。第二,使用的资料主要是墓志传状,方法是抽样统计。由于墓志传状中老年人口的数量较多,且墓主大多是自己或者子女有一定社会、经济地位的人,因而在进行年寿研究时存在着一定的局限性。第三,在进行诸如性别、地区、时代平均死亡年龄比较时,一般都直接比较算术平均数,并不进行统计推断,从而降低了结果的可信度。以上原因导致对于历史时期人口年寿问题的推断存在较大误差,有可商讨之处。

At present, the research on the problem of the life expectancy of ancient Chinese population in the historical circles has the following characteristics: 1. Using the average age of death to replace the average life expectancy(average life expectancy) as the life expectancy index of a certain period of population. 2. the information used is mainly epitaph. The method is sampling statistics. Because of the large number of middle-aged and old people in epitaphs and the social and economic status of most of the tomb owners themselves or their children, there are certain limitations in the study of life expectancy. 3. When comparing the average age of death, such as sex, region and age, the arithmetic mean is generally compared directly without statistical inference, thus reducing the credibility of the results. Based on the above reasons, there is a big error in estimating the annual life of the population in the historical period, which can be discussed.