人口增长、产业结构优化与区域生态效率

An Empirical Study of Population Growth, Industrial Structure Optimization and Regional Ecological Efficiency

基于2004～2014年中国30个省级(由于数据不全不包括西藏自治区)面板数据,运用超效率SBM模型测算了省域的生态效率,并利用双向固定效应的空间杜宾模型捕捉了生态效率的空间溢出效应,研究结果表明:生态效率空间分布存在差异,呈现集聚趋势,集聚的区域集中在东部沿海地区;人口密度、富裕度对生态效率的直接影响存在"U"型特征,人均工业污染治理投资对生态效率的直接影响为正;产业结构优化和人均工业污染治理投资对邻近省域生态效率的空间溢出效应显著为负。基于此,以生态效率构建约束机制,改变经济发展方式的路径依赖;加大要素禀赋整合和产业结构优化,提升生态效率;发挥协同创新的思想,尊重区域差异,走绿色发展之路。

Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2004 to 2014, this paper measures the provincial ecological efficiency within super efficiency SBM model and uses the two-way fixed effect Spatial Dubin Model to capture the spatial spillover effects of ecological efficiency.The results show that there are some differences in the spatial distribution of ecological efficiency and agglomeration concentrates in coastal areas.The direct effects of the population density and wealth result in U-shaped ecological efficiency investment per capita for industrial pollution control has a direct positive impact on ecological efficiency.The spillover effects of the industrial structure optimization and industrial pollution control investment per capita on ecological efficiency in our neighboring provinces are negative. Based on the findings, it is imperative to construct the constraint mechanism with ecological efficiency. The path-dependence in the mode of economic development should be changed and the integration of factor endowment and industrial structure optimization should be increased. It is important to utilize properly the dynamic source of ecological efficiency and to develop collaborative innovation spirit. Also the regional differences should be respected and the path of green development should be taken.