幼儿园艺术课程中游戏精神的失落与回归

The Loss and Return of the Game Spirit in Kindergarten Art Courses

幼儿园艺术课程充盈游戏精神的滋养,能够充分发挥游戏和艺术的双重作用,致力幼儿自由、和谐、全面成长。然而,当前幼儿园艺术课程面临游戏精神失落的困境:艺术课程中游戏无功利精神的让位,体验精神的虚假,自由精神的匮乏以及创造精神的缺失。面对如此困境,艺术课程每一环节都应受到游戏精神的观照,使得艺术课程进化为"艺术游戏":以情感为切入点,确立兴趣与审美共举、想象与创新并重的艺术游戏目标;以生活为出发点,选择切合幼儿经验、综合化与体验性相融的艺术游戏内容;以幼儿为关注点,打造互动和谐、教法多样、组织形式灵活的艺术游戏过程;以发展为制高点,强调主体多元、深化过程、梯度个性化的艺术游戏评价。

Integrating game spirit in kindergarten art courses can fully play the dual role of game and art,and is conducive to the free,harmonious and comprehensive growth of children. However,the current kindergarten art courses face the dilemma of losing of game spirit: full of utilitarian spirit,false experience spirit,and lacking of free spirit and creative spirit. To cope with the dilemma,every aspect of art courses should be reviewed by the game spirit in order to turn art courses into"art games". Firstly,emotion should be taken as the entry point to establish the goal of art game with the equal emphasis on interest and aesthetics,imagination and innovation;Secondly,life should be taken as the starting point to choose the comprehensive and experiential art games contents,which is also suitable for children’s experience;Thirdly,children should be taken as the focus to make art games process with interactive harmony,diverse teaching methods and innovative organizational forms;Finally,development should be taken as the most important objective to implement art games evaluation with multi-subjects,deepened process,and gradient personalization.