论我国自然保护区社区共管制度的构建与完善

On the Construction and Perfection of Community Co-management System of Nature Reserve in China

在我国自然保护区的发展中,自然保护区的保护与周边社区的经济发展之间的矛盾越来越尖锐,亟需建立一个新的制度来解决这一矛盾。许多学者基于"社区林业"改革提出了"社区共管制度",该制度在我国也具备建立的理论基础,但其在我国自然保护区的实践中存在一些困境,如相关立法不健全、资金投入少等,并根据这些实践中出现的问题从而提出相应的建议,具体包括:建立并完善社区共管制度相关立法、增加对自然保护区资金的投入、建立相应的激励机制和补偿机制、加强与周边社区的交流与沟通等。

In the development of nature reserves in China, the contradiction between the protection of nature reserves and the economic development of surrounding communities is becoming more and more acute. It is urgent to establish a new system to solve this contradiction. Based on “community forestry”, many scholars put forward “community co-management system”, which also has the theoretical foundation in China. However, there are some problems in the practice of nature reserves in China, such as the imperfect legislation, less investment. In order to solve these problems in practice, this paper put forward the corresponding recommendations. Specifically, it included: establishing and improving relevant legislation on community co-management system, increasing investment in nature reserve funds, establishing corresponding incentive mechanisms and compensation mechanisms, and strengthening communication and communication with surrounding communities, etc.