CXCL6在食管鳞状细胞癌组织中的表达及其对食管癌细胞生物学特性的影响

Expression of CXCL6 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its effect on the biological characteristics of esophageal carcinoma cells

目的研究趋化因子(C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 6,CXCL6)在食管鳞状细胞癌组织中的表达及其表达的临床病理学相关性,并观察CXCL6对食管鳞状细胞癌Eca109细胞迁移和侵袭的影响。方法运用免疫组织化学SP法检测食管鳞癌组织(含105例食管鳞状细胞癌组织,75例癌旁正常组织)中CXCL6的阳性表达率,并分析CXCL6阳性表达与临床病理参数之间的相关性。运用细胞划痕实验和Transwell实验检测CXCL6对Eca109迁移和侵袭能力的影响。以食管鳞癌细胞Eca109作为未处理组,用CXCL6重组蛋白(50 ng/mL)刺激Eca109细胞,培养48 h作为CXCL6处理组,以加入PBS代替CXCL6重组蛋白作为阴性对照组。观察CXCL6重组蛋白处理后Eca109细胞的迁移和侵袭能力变化。结果食管鳞状细胞癌组织中阳性表达率(71.43%)明显高于癌旁正常组织(33.33%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);高分化的食管鳞状细胞癌患者CXCL6的阳性表达率(26.32%)明显低于低分化者(73.13%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。CXCL6阳性表达与食管癌患者的性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、病理形态、浸润深度、临床分期、淋巴结转移均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。生存分析结果显示:CXCL6阳性表达与患者总预后无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在体外,CXCL6重组蛋白处理后,食管癌细胞Eca109迁移和侵袭能力明显增强,与阴性对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 CXCL6在食管鳞状细胞癌组织中高表达,其阳性表达与分化程度有关,而且CXCL6可以促食管鳞状细胞癌细胞的迁移和浸润。

Objective To investigate the expression of C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 6(CXCL6), which is also known as granulocytic chemoattractant protein 2(granulocyte chemotactic protein-2, GCP-2), in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its clinicopathological correlation, and to observe the effect of CXCL6 on the migration and invasion of Eca109. Methods The expression of CXCL6 in the ESCC tissue microarray consisting of 105 dots of ESCC tissues and 75 dots of adjacent normal control tissues was detected by immune-histochemical SP, and the correlation between expression of CXCL6 and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed. The effects of CXCL6 on the motility of ESCC cell line Eca109 were detected by wound-healing and transwell assays. Eca109 cells in CXCL6 treatment group were treated with CXCL6 recombinant protein for 48 hours at the concentration of 50 ng/mL. Eca109 cells in negative control group were treated with phosphorate buffer saline(PBS). Results The positive expression rate of CXCL6 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(71.43%) was shown to be significantly higher than that of adjacent normal control tissues(33.33%)(P<0.05).The positive expression rate of CXCL6 in highly differentiated ESCC tissues(26.32%) was markedly lower than that in poorly differentiated ESCC tissues(73.13%)(P<0.05). No significant correlation could be observed between CXCL6 positive expression versus gender, age, tumor size, histopathology, depth of invasion, clinical stage and lymph node metastasis(P>0.05). Overall survival analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between CXCL6 positive expression and overall prognosis(P>0.05), either. The migration and invasion of Eca109 cells were significantly boosted after treatment with CXCL6 recombinant protein compared with the negative control group(P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of CXCL6 was significantly predominant in ESCC tissues relative to normal control tissues, and the positive expression was shown to be markedly associated with degree of differentiation. In vitro, CXCL6 was exhibited to be able to promote the migration and invasion of Eca109 cells.