内蒙古根河地区驼鹿冬季采食生境、卧息生境选择研究

Foraging and Bed Site Selection of Moose in Genhe Forestry Bureau

2013年至2015年冬季,综合运用动物生态调查技术、种群生态学、行为生态学等研究技术,研究了内蒙古根河地区驼鹿(Alces alces)冬季采食生境选择和卧息生境选择。研究结果:内蒙古根河地区冬季驼鹿采食生境选择与距针叶林距离、距道路距离、隐蔽级、距工矿距离呈负相关;与距农田距离、桦丰富度呈正相关;驼鹿冬季采食生境选择的概率模型为:P=e^z/(1+e^z),其中z=-0. 401-0. 423×距针叶林距离-0. 513×距道路距离-0. 564×距工矿距离+1. 405×距农田距离-0. 420×隐蔽级+0. 553×桦,e为自然数。内蒙古根河地区驼鹿卧息地选择与距河流距离、郁闭度呈负相关,而距阔叶林距离、距农田距离呈正相关。驼鹿冬季卧息生境选择概率模型为:P=e^z/(1+e^z),其中z=-2. 068-0. 757×距河流距离+0. 929×距阔叶林距离+0. 731×距农田距离-0. 574×郁闭度,e为自然数。由于影响驼鹿冬季采食行为和卧息行为的驱动因子及其表达空间分布上的差异,导致其采食生境与卧息生境选择的因子具有显著差异。

During the winters of 2013 to 2015,the selection of feeding habitats and bedding habitats of moose(Alces alces)in the Genhe region in deep winter was analyzed by using the techniques of animal ecological investigation,population ecology and behavioral ecology.Feeding habitat selection was negatively correlated with the distance to coniferous forest,distance to roads,concealment level,and distance to industrial and mining sites.It was positively correlated with distance from farmland and broadleaf forest.The probability of the feeding habitat selection of moose in winter was calculated as:P=e^z/(1+e^z),where z=-0.401-0.423×distance to coniferous forest-0.513×distance to road-0.564×distance to industrial and mining+1.405×distance to farmland-0.420×concealment level+0.553×distance to broadleaf forest,where e is the base of natural logarithms.The selection of moose bedding site was negatively correlated with distance to a river and canopy density.It was positively correlated with distance to broadleaf forest,and distance to farmland.The probability model of moose habitat selection in winter was calculated as:P=e^z/(1+e^z),where z=-2.068-0.757×distance to river+0.929×distance to broadleaf forest+0.731×distance to farmland-0.574×canopy coverage,where e is the base of natural logarithms.Different factors affected spatial distribution and selection of feeding and bed sites used by moose in winter.