三级供应链产品纵向质量管理微分博弈分析

Differential Game Analysis on Vertical Quality Management of Three-echelon Supply Chain Products

基于微分博弈,研究由一个供应商、一个制造商和一个零售商组成的三级供应链质量管理问题。分析了Nash非合作博弈情况、Stackelberg主从博弈情形下供应链纵向质量管理的情形,构建了不同情形下的动态模型,得到了各自相应的均衡策略及产品质量随时间变化的最优轨迹。研究发现,Nash非合作博弈和Stackelberg主从博弈相比,后者能够使供应链系统最优利润得到Pareto改善。最后,通过数值分析,验证了结论的有效性,为供应链上下游制定关于质量管理合作策略提供了理论依据。

Quality management problem of three-level supply chain composed of one supplier, one manufacturer and one retailer are discussed based on the differential game. This paper analyzes the vertical quality management of supply chain in the situation of Nash Non-cooperative game, Stackelberg game and centralized decision, constructs the dynamic model of three kinds of cases, and obtains the corresponding equilibrium strategy and the optimal trajectory of product quality changing with time. The result shows that the optimal profit of the entire of supply chain can achieve Pareto improvement under the Nash non-cooperative game. At last, numerical analysis is conducted to verify the validity of conclusions, which provides a theoretical basis for the development of quality management cooperation strategy in the supply chain.