基于非遗名录统计分析的山东海洋非物质文化遗产保护研究

Research on the Protection of Marine Intangible Cultural Heritage in Shandong Based on the Statistics and Analysis of Intangible Cultural Heritage List

为了更好地促进山东省海洋非物质文化遗产的保护与传承,本文选取山东省161项市级以上海洋非物质文化遗产项目作为样本,分析其结构与空间分布特点及影响因素。结果表明:山东省海洋非物质文化遗产级别上整体呈现出金字塔结构,类型结构以民间文学类、传统技艺类和民俗类为主;空间上呈现出明显的濒海带状分布特点,且主要分布于烟台、威海、青岛和日照四市的沿海地带;自然地理环境、历史和人类需求等多种因素的叠加作用对山东省海洋非物质文化遗产的结构和空间分布产生重要影响。针对统计与分析中发现的完整四级海洋非物质文化遗产名录基础数据获取难度大、海岛型海洋非物质文化遗产数量较少、海洋非物质文化遗产价值有待进一步挖掘等问题提出了相应的解决对策。

In order to promote the protection and inheritance of marine intangible cultural heritage in Shandong, this paper selects 161 marine intangible cultural heritage projects at or above the city level in Shandong as samples and analyzes their structures, spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors. The results are as follows. The hierarchical structure of the marine intangible cultural heritage in Shandong is a pyramid-like one and the categories are mainly concentrated in folk literature, traditional skill and folklore. There are obvious characteristics of coastal zone distribution which is mainly shown in the coastal areas of Yantai, Weihai, Qingdao and Rizhao. The superposition of natural geographical environment, history and human needs has an important impact on the structure and spatial distribution of marine intangible cultural heritage in Shandong. The corresponding countermeasures are proposed based on the problems found in statistics and analysis, such as the great difficulty of obtaining the basic data of the complete four-level marine intangible cultural heritage list, the less quantity of island-type marine intangible cultural heritage, and the need to further explore the value of marine intangible cultural heritage.