环境规制、技术创新与经济增长——基于不同类型环境规制的比较分析

Environmental Regulation, Technological Innovation and Economic Growth——A Comparative Analysis Based on Different Types of Environmental Regulation

[目的/意义]改革开放以来,我国经济高速增长,但同时也加剧了环境污染问题。该问题的解决需要政府作为约束和激励主体制定有效的环境规制政策。[方法/过程]选取我国30个省市2009—2016年的数据构建面板门槛模型,分别以环境规制和技术创新为门槛变量,研究不同类型环境规制、技术创新和经济增长之间的关系。[结果/结论]研究发现:费用型环境规制和投资型环境规制分别抑制、促进经济增长,并且费用型环境规制和投资型环境规制对经济增长的直接作用均存在显著的门槛效应;不同类型环境规制通过技术创新对经济增长的间接作用也存在显著的门槛效应;技术创新水平的提高对经济增长也有一定的促进作用。基于上述研究结果,文章提出了相关的建议。

[Purpose/Significance] Since the reform and opening up, China’s economy has experienced rapid growth, and at the same time it has aggravated problems of environmental pollution. The solution tothe problem requires the government to establish effective environmental regulation policies as the main body of restraint and incentives.[Method/Process] Based on the data of China’s 30 provinces and cities in 2009-2016, the panel threshold model is constructed, and the relationship between different types of environmental regulation, technological innovation and economic growth has been studied with environmental rules and technological innovation as thresholds.[Result/Conclusion] The study finds that cost-based environmental regulation and investment-type environmental regulation inhibit and promote economic growthrespectively, and there is a significant threshold effect on the direct effects of cost-based environmental regulation and investment-type environmental regulation on economic growth;and different types of environmental regulation shown in technological innovation. There is also a significant threshold effect on the indirect effects of economic growth. In addition, the improvement of technological innovation level also has a certain role in promoting economic growth. Finally, the paper makes relevant recommendations.