2016年山东省成人高血压患病状况及影响因素研究

Study on the Prevalence Status and Influencing Factors of Hypertension in Adults in Shandong Province in 2016

目的了解山东省监测点18岁以上居民的高血压患病情况及其主要影响因素。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,全省共设19个监测点,抽取3 800名18岁及以上居民进行问卷调查,了解其一般状况、高血压病史及可能与高血压患病有关的影响因素,并测量空腹血糖、身高和体重等指标。结果 2016年山东省成年居民整体高血压患病率为28.7%;高血压患者吸烟率、饮酒率、高盐饮食率和缺乏锻炼率分别为27.8%、31.6%、31.5%和76.1%;不同城乡、性别、年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、家庭年收入、是否吸烟、饮食咸淡、休闲活动锻炼、体检情况、体重指数(BMI)和腰臀比(WHR)的居民高血压患病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析结果显示:吸烟状况、饮食咸淡和BMI≥24 kg/m^2是高血压的危险因素,而文化程度高、经常参加休闲活动锻炼和经常体检是高血压的保护性因素。结论山东省成人高血压患病率较高,防控策略和措施有待加强,在将老年人作为工作重点的同时,应注意把高血压防控对象扩大到健康人群范围,引导其选择正确积极的生活方式,提高全人群的高血压防控意识。

OBJECTIVE To understand the prevalence status and the main risk factors of residents over the age of 18 in the monitoring points of Shandong.METHODS 19 monitoring points were set up.Multistage cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 3 800 residents aged 18 years and above to understand the general situation,the high blood pressure history and possible factors related the influence and the prevalence of hypertension,and measurement of fasting blood glucose,body height,weight and other indicators.RESULTS The overall prevalence rate of hypertension was 28.7%in Shandong;hypertension smoking rate and drinking rate,high salt diet,lack of exercise rate were 27.8%,31.6%,31.5%and 76.1%;different gender,urban and rural,age,education level,marital status,family income,smoking,diet salt intake,leisure exercise,physical examination,BMI,WHR of the hypertension prevalence rate difference were statistically significant(P<0.05);Logistic regression analysis result showed that smoking status,diet salt intake and BMI≥24 kg/m2 were the risk factors of hypertension.High level of education,participate in leisure activities and physical exercise were protective factors for hypertension.CONCLUSION The prevalence of hypertension was high in adults in Shandong,strategies and measures of prevention and control should be strengthened,in the elderly as a priority at the same time,should be paid attention to the prevention and control of hypertension in healthy people to expand the scope of the object,guide the correct active lifestyle,raise awareness of prevention and control of hypertension in the whole population.